SpaceX's Confidential S-1 - The $2 Trillion Rocket Ship

SpaceX confidentially filed for an IPO on April 1, 2026, targeting a valuation between $1.75 trillion and over $2 trillion with a planned $75 billion raise—the largest IPO in history. At $18.7B in revenue growing 43% year-over-year, SpaceX isn’t just a rocket company anymore; it’s a satellite internet juggernaut with a launch business attached.

Unlike traditional S-1 analyses, SpaceX’s filing remains confidential. But between secondary share sales, draft prospectus leaks, and industry reports, we have a compelling picture of the numbers.

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The Unsustainable Subsidy

The Unsustainable Subsidy

Google’s AI triples in price each year.

Google Gemini: Flash and Pro Pricing

OpenAI’s flagship model was seemingly subsidized for a while, before rising again.

OpenAI API Prices: Flagship Falling, Then Rising Again

Anthropic’s AI has been the same price for a little bit & decreased for the most powerful models.

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Observations on Writing with AI

Observations on Writing with AI

As I was paging through Good Writing, Anne Lamott’s new book, I wondered what AI would say about twisting cliches & finding hidden metaphors (chapters 18 & 19).

Over the last 16 years of writing, I’ve read books about writing, hired an editor, & used AI. I’ve fine-tuned models to mimic my voice, tested more than 10 AI systems, & written many post with AI, with some Hindenburgs I’ve kept public as proof despite my embarrassment.

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The First Derivative of Inference

The fastest-growing companies in AI & software are either selling AI directly or reselling inference. At worst, they are the first derivative of inference.

Inference is the largest & fastest growing market in technology today, surpassing the database market & projected to be three times the size within seven years at $250 billion.1, 2 By selling inference or indexing a business to it, they grow at spectacular rates.

Anthropic has booked $9b & $10b in consecutive months.3 Google Cloud is growing 63% at an $80 billion run rate.4 Most businesses selling inference are exploding.

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What Would AI Email Cost?

What Would AI Email Cost?

In yesterday’s post (which an agent pushed in raw outline form via email!), I wrote about the future of AI email. What does that future cost?

chart_monthly_cost_by_model

If you are using state-of-the-art model ranging, it costs between $22 to $130 per month. Would you pay for that? At work, I imagine, many would. Let’s take the middle case of $26/month raw cost.

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The 6 Messages That Actually Matter

The 6 Messages That Actually Matter

Nobody will open Gmail five times a day in five years.

The average knowledge worker receives 121 emails per day.1 That’s one every four minutes during working hours.

The inbox is a conveyor belt that keeps accelerating. You open Gmail. You read. You decide. You respond. One at a time. But the belt doesn’t wait. It just moves faster.

AI Email Architecture diagram showing how 121+ daily emails flow through AI processing into verbatim and processed streams, feeding a personal context layer

Today’s triage is generic : “This is from your boss. I need to work on that today. Next. Spam. Archive. Spam. Archive. Newsletter, read & archive.” Tomorrow’s is personal. User-defined skills & rules. Programming in English that encodes your priorities, your relationships, your workflow.

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2026 Theory GTM Survey

2026 Theory GTM Survey

It’s time for the 2026 Annual Theory Go-to-Market Survey. This is a brief 25-question survey.

Our goal is to understand how startups have evolved their sales, marketing, customer success, and cash management over the last several years by comparing these results to our surveys from 2022 through 2025.

We will publish these results and answer questions about them at upcoming Office Hours.

This year, we’re focused on five key hypotheses. Each is designed to be rigorously testable with the survey data:

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Localmaxxing

Localmaxxing

As demand for AI inference explodes, I’ll be asking a lot more of my little computer.

How much more?

Over the past five weeks, I’ve been using local models to see how much of my daily work I can accomplish without the trillion parameter models in the cloud. The answer is half.

Category Count % of Total Example
Other 521 35.3% Catch-all for unstructured requests
Scheduling 254 17.2% Check availability, propose meeting times
Market Research 192 13.0% Competitor analysis, fundraising data
Summarization 184 12.4% Transcript review, video summaries
Email & Inbound 170 11.5% Draft replies, follow-ups, forwards
Engineering 147 9.9% Debug scripts, API fixes, CLI tasks
Admin 10 0.7% Travel, expenses, reimbursements

If you classify these 1.4k tasks by category, half can succeed on a local 35B model. Email & Inbound, Scheduling, Summarization, & Admin total 618 tasks (41.8%). Market Research & Engineering split roughly 50/50 between simple tasks (data lookups, script fixes) and complex ones (multi-source synthesis, architectural decisions). That gets us to 50%.

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Securing the Agentic Enterprise

Securing the Agentic Enterprise

Jonathan Jaffe, CISO at Lemonade

Enterprises run on AI agents. So do the attackers.

What does it mean to build, secure, and operate AI systems when both sides - defenders and attackers - are automated?

Jonathan Jaffe, CISO at Lemonade, is one of the most forward-thinking security leaders in this age of AI, with more than 25 years of experience in technical security roles since 1997.

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AI at Discount

AI at Discount

Anthropic grew from $1B to $30B in 15 months. So why does it trade at a discount to public comparables?

High-growth companies trade on forward (NTM) revenue. Anthropic’s $30B run rate implies $20B in actual TTM revenue. If they exit 2026 at an $80B run rate1, we can estimate NTM revenue of around $50B. The EV/NTM multiple is 17x.

SaaS Revenue Multiple vs Growth showing Anthropic at 17x EV/NTM with 165% growth

Anthropic commands a 65% discount to Palantir while growing nearly 3x faster. Four factors explain the gap.

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